计算机联锁系统在黄骅港港区铁路扩容工程中的应用

为提升港口铁路系统的列车运输能力和信号设备的安全性,在黄骅港港区铁路扩容工程中,港区站采用计算机联锁系统取代传统的电气集中联锁系统,在区间采用先进的移频自动闭塞系统,并在港区站采用微机监测系统进一步提高了信号设备的安全性和可靠性,对改善与优化港区站场信号系统具有重要意义。     

关于提升天津港东疆保税港区集装箱业务竞争力的探讨

集装箱物流是吸引制造业资本跨国转移的重要条件,是港口城市参与国际经济大循环的有效途径,已成为促进港口城市经济发展的重要动力.世界各主要经济体都十分关注本国外贸港口在国际集装箱运输中的地位和作用,近年来国际集装箱运输市场的不断成熟为港口集装箱业务带来了前所未有的机遇和挑战.基于对国际集装箱运输市场发展趋势的分析,探讨影响港口集装箱业务竞争力的因素和天津港东疆保税港区发展集装箱业务的竞争优势,为制定提升东疆保税港区集装箱业务竞争力的策略提供建议.     

潍坊港沉积物特征及岸滩稳定性研究

通过潍坊港海岸动力地貌调查,分析研究了潍坊港各港区的水下沉积物分布特征。近岸沉积物质主要表现为极细砂与砂质粉砂,源于历史上黄河及附近河流的泥沙,中值粒径大致在0.01～0.4 mm,分选程度为分选好-中常。通过不同历史时期海图的等深线和断面海床冲淤变化对比,分析认为,潍坊中港区以西,受黄河口泥沙扩散、沉积影响,海床一直处于持续淤涨之中,这种趋势还将持续,潍坊中港区以东海床则基本保持稳定。从黄河口流路变迁这一角度来看,该海区岸线将在长期内保持稳定。     

东营港区航道工程潮流物理模型试验研究

横流是东营港区港口航道建设中面临的关键技术问题之一。针对东营港区进出港航道工程不同防波挡沙堤布置下航道水流条件,采用潮流物理模型试验进行分析研究。结果表明:南、北防波堤形成后,口门航道处流速较大,从改善通航条件的角度出发,修建防波挡沙堤是必要的;防波挡沙潜堤保持相同的坡度,堤头分别修建至-12 m和-14 m时,口门航道水流流速逐步减小,口门横流也随之减小;随着防波挡沙堤堤顶高程增大,堤头挑流流速会有一定程度的增加;潜堤堤头建至-14 m等深线处、堤顶高程在-8 m左右是适宜的。     

Simulation-based severe weather-induced container terminal economic loss estimation

Container terminals play a critical role in maritime supply chains. However, they show vulnerabilities to severe weather events due to the sea–land interface locations. Previous severe weather risk analysis focused more on larger assessment units, such as regions and cities. Limited studies assessed severe weather risks on a smaller scale of seaports. This paper aims to propose a severe weather-induced container terminal loss estimation framework. Based on a container terminal operation simulation model, monthly average loss and single event-induced loss are obtained by using historical hazard records and terminal operation records as model inputs. By studying the Port of Shenzhen as the case study, we find that the fog events in March lead to the longest monthly port downtime and the highest monthly severe weather-induced economic losses in the studied port. The monthly average loss is estimated to be 30 million USD, accounting for 20% of the intact income. The worst-case scenario is found to be a red-signal typhoon attack which results in nearly 20% decrease in the month’s income. The results provide useful references for various container terminal stakeholders in severe weather risk management.     

Port-city exhaust emission model: An application to cruise and ferry operations in Las Palmas Port

Exhaust emissions cause air pollution and climate change. The exhausts of shipboard fuel combustion are equally damaging particularly, so close to the environmentally sensitive mainland and island coasts, as well as at ports due to their urbanized character. This paper estimates, for the first time, exhaust pollutants related to cruise and ferry operations in Las Palmas Port and, in an island context. Emission assessment is based on a full bottom-up model and messages transmitted by the Automatic Identification System during 2011. Results are described as a breakdown of NOx, SOx, PM_2.5, CO and CO₂, according to ship classes, operative type and time, providing valuable information to environmental policy makers in port-city areas and islands under similar conditions. It is generally concluded that vessel traffic and passenger shipping in particular are a source of air pollution in Las Palmas Port. Emission maps confirm location of hot spots in quays assigned for cruise and ferry operations. Policy recommendations encourage regular monitoring of exhaust emissions and market-based incentives supported by details on polluting and operative profiles. On the other hand, feasibility studies are suggested for automated mooring, LNG bunkering facilities and also shore-side energy services, prioritizing berthing of shipping sectors (or sub-sectors) with the highest share of exhaust emissions once their local effects have been confirmed by a dispersion, exposure and impact assessment.     

区港联动与自由港之比较

分析我国大陆地区区港联动试点与国际自由港在概念、类型及功能方面的区别,比较上海外高桥保税区和外高桥港区港联动与香港自由港在政策方面的差距,指出我国大陆地区的自由港建设依然任重道远.     

投入产出模型在重庆港经济贡献中的应用研究

在重庆发展总体战略部署和内陆保税港区的建设中,重庆港口被赋予了千载难逢的发展机遇和重大责任,为了更深入把握重庆港投入与城市经济互动关系,合理引导港口投资建设,促进港口可持续发展,结合投入产出模型量化分析了重庆港投入产出中港口效益和社会效益比例关系,同时预测了重庆港口的国民经济贡献率。在此过程中介绍了港口直接经济效益、间接经济效益包括的范围,提出了港口增加值的计算方法。     

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以港口为节点的区域物流与其所在地区的区域经济相互影响、协调发展. 本文研究了二级港口物流网络问题,即港口之间的海上航线系统以及各个港口与其经济腹地之间的集疏运系统的二级网络. 在动态腹地条件下,构建以区域港口群总运输成本为上层优化目标,以个体港口的经济效益为下层目标的双层规划模型. 模型反映了港口竞争力、腹地划分以及运力配备的动态性,因此更接近港口实际. 为有效求解模型,利用Kuhn-Tucker理论将双层规划问题转化成单层规划模型,并且应用算例对模型和算法的有效性进行验证,最后通过Matlab对模型进行了求解. 数值结果表明,双层规划模型及求解方法具有可行性.     

大型空港枢纽区域集疏运网络优化方法

完善的区域集疏运网络是巩固空港腹地、为区域航空客流提供高效服务的基础。从空港的区域垄断特性、空港对区域经济的作用以及客流组成变化趋势三个方面讨论了大型空港枢纽的区域服务特征,强调空港腹地拓展的重要性。提出区域集疏运网络优化调整方法：确定空港腹地范围,明确客流分布,优化区域综合交通网络与空港的衔接。最后,以重庆市江北机场枢纽为例,对区域城际轨道、高速公路网络进行优化,预计区域航空客流比例将从现状的35%提升至2040年的60%。